|
Johannes (Jan) Symonsz van der Beeck (1589 – buried 17 February 1644) was a Dutch painter also known by his alias Johannes Torrentius. ("Torrentius" is a Latin equivalent of the Beeck surname, literally meaning "brook" or "torrent".) Despite his reputation as a still life master, few of Torrentius' paintings survive, as his works were ordered to be burned after he was accused of being a Rosicrucian adherent of atheistic and Satanic beliefs. The tortured painter was thrown into prison as a convicted blasphemer until being permitted to leave the country as a political gesture for England's Charles I, a Beeck admirer. ==Life and career== Johannes van der Beeck was born and died in Amsterdam, where he married in 1612. Relations between himself and wife Neeltgen van Camp eventually soured and ended in a divorce. Beeck was briefly thrown into jail for failing to pay his former wife her alimony in 1621.〔"Johannes Torrentius" (1993). In Ger Luijten, Ariane van Suchtelen, Michael Hoyle (Eds.), ''Dawn of the Golden Age: Northern Netherlandish Art, 1580–1620''. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. p. 319. ISBN 0-300-06016-5, ISBN 978-0-300-06016-4.〕 His libertine ways and purported membership in the Rosicrucian order led to his 1627 arrest and torture as a religious non-conformist and an alleged blasphemer, heretic, atheist, and Satanist. The 25 January 1628 judgment from five noted advocates of The Hague pronounced him guilty of "blasphemy against God and avowed atheism, at the same time as leading a frightful and pernicious lifestyle."〔Wittemans, Frank (1996). ''A New and Authentic History of the Rosicrucians''. Whitefish, Montana: Kessinger Publishing. pp. 54–55. ISBN 1-56459-972-8.〕 It was widely believed that the condemned Torrentius' influence had affected Jeronimus Cornelisz, a trader of the Dutch East India Trading Company who led a bloody mutiny aboard the ''Batavia'', a 1628 ship of the Dutch East India Company in 1629. 〔Dash, Mike. ''Batavia's Graveyard: The True Story of the Mad Heretic who led History's Bloodiest Mutiny''. Broadway Books, 2003〕 According to the RKD, Torrentius was tried in 1627,〔(Johannes Torrentius ) in the RKD〕 but according to Houbraken, who quoted Theodorus Schrevelius, he was tried and placed on the ''painbench'', and thereupon sentenced to 20 years in the ''Tuchthuis'' (the Haarlem house of detention), on 25 July 1630.〔(Johan Torrentius in ''Harlemias'' (1648) ) page 385-386〕〔 (Johan Torrentius biography ) in ''De groote schouburgh der Nederlantsche konstschilders en schilderessen'' (1718) by Arnold Houbraken, courtesy of the Digital library for Dutch literature〕 Although he was sentenced to 20 years imprisonment, King Charles I of England — an admirer of the painter's works – intervened, and was able to secure his release after two years, hiring Torrentius as Court Painter. He stayed in England for 12 years, returning to Amsterdam in 1642. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Johannes van der Beeck」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|